A pregnant gray whale gave birth to off the coast of Dana Point, Calif. The mother, like all gray whales this time of year, is migrating from the Bering and Chukchi Seas near Alaska to the warm water lagoons of Baja California, Mexico.
A Pregnant Man Gives Birth To Bones (Video )
The birth control shot is an effective birth control method. Over the course of a year, about 6 out of 100 typical couples who use the birth control shot will have an accidental pregnancy. The chance of getting pregnant increases if a girl waits longer than 3 months to get her next shot.
Some medical conditions make the use of the shot less effective or riskier. For example, it is not recommended anyone who has had blood clots, some types of cancers, or liver disease. Those who have had unexplained vaginal bleeding (bleeding that is not during their periods) or who might be pregnant should not get the birth control shot and should talk to their doctors.
(PhysOrg.com) -- Two newly described fossil whales---a pregnant female and a male of the same species--reveal how primitive whales gave birth and provide new insights into how whales made the transition from land to sea. googletag.cmd.push(function() googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2'); ); The 47.5 million-year-old fossils, discovered in Pakistan in 2000 and 2004 and studied at the University of Michigan, are described in a paper published Feb. 4 in the online journal PLoS.U-M paleontologist Philip Gingerich, who led the team that made the discoveries, was at first perplexed by the assortment of adult female and fetal bones found together. "When I first saw the small teeth in the field, I thought we were dealing with a small adult whale, but then we continued to expose the specimen and found ribs that seemed too large to go with those teeth," he said. "By the end of the day, I realized we had found a female whale with a fetus." Male Maiacetus inuus as it would have appeared in life. Credit: John Klausmeyer, University of Michigan In fact, it is the first discovery of a fetal skeleton of an extinct whale in the group known as Archaeoceti, and the find represents a new species dubbed Maiacetus inuus. (Maiacetus means "mother whale," and Inuus was a Roman fertility god.) The fetus is positioned for head-first delivery, like land mammals but unlike modern whales, indicating that these whales still gave birth on land.Another clue to the whales' lifestyle is the well-developed set of teeth in the fetus, suggesting that Maiacetus newborns were equipped to fend for themselves, rather than being helpless in early life. Two newly described fossil whales, a pregnant female and a male of the same species, reveal how primitive whales gave birth (on land) and provide new insights into how whales made the transition from land to sea. The 8.5-foot-long male specimen, collected four years later from the same fossil beds, shares characteristic anatomical features with the female of the species, but its virtually complete skeleton is 12 percent larger overall, and its canine teeth or fangs 20 percent larger. Such size discrepancies are not uncommon among whales and their kin; in some species the females are larger, while in others the males are slightly to considerably bigger. The size difference of male and female Maiacetus is only moderate, hinting that the males didn't control territories or command harems of females.The whales' big teeth, well-suited for catching and eating fish, suggest the animals made their livings in the sea, probably coming onto land only to rest, mate and give birth, said Gingerich, who is the Ermine Cowles Case Collegiate Professor of Paleontology and director of the U-M Museum of Paleontology. Like other primitive archaeocetes, Maiacetus had four legs modified for foot-powered swimming, and although these whales could support their weight on their flipper-like limbs, they probably couldn't travel far on land. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle []).push(); "They clearly were tied to the shore," Gingerich said. "They were living at the land-sea interface and going back and forth."Compared with previous fossil whale finds, Maiacetus occupies an intermediate position on the evolutionary path that whales traversed as they made the transition from full-time land dwellers to dedicated denizens of the deep. As such, it offers invaluable, new information on structural and behavioral changes that accompanied that transition."Specimens this complete are virtual 'Rosetta stones'," Gingerich said, "providing insight into functional capabilities and life history of extinct animals that cannot be gained any other way."Reference: The paper, "New Protocetid Whale from the Middle Eocene of Pakistan: Birth on Land, Precocial Development, and Sexual Dimorphism," is available at dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004366 .Source: University of Michigan Citation:Early whales gave birth on land, fossil find reveals (Video) (2009, February 4)retrieved 9 February 2023from -02-early-whales-gave-birth-fossil.html This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only. Explore further
If you have spina bifida or if you've previously given birth to a child with spina bifida, you'll need extra folic acid before you become pregnant. If you're taking anti-seizure medications or you have diabetes, you may also benefit from a higher dose of this B vitamin. Check with your doctor before taking additional folic acid supplements.
Even wealthier countries are affected by this crisis. In the US, the sixth highest country in terms of expected number of births, over 3.3 million babies are projected to be born between March 11 and December 16. In New York, authorities are looking into alternative birthing centers as many pregnant women are worried about giving birth in hospitals.
Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, an estimated 2.8 million pregnant women and newborns died every year, or 1 every 11 seconds, mostly of preventable causes. UNICEF calls for immediate investment in health workers with the right training, who are equipped with the right medicines to ensure every mother and newborn is cared for by a safe pair of hands to prevent and treat complications during pregnancy, delivery and birth.
Young children are particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of lead and can suffer profound and permanent adverse health impacts, particularly on the development of the brain and nervous system. Lead also causes long-term harm in adults, including increased risk of high blood pressure and kidney damage. Exposure of pregnant women to high levels of lead can cause miscarriage, stillbirth, premature birth and low birth weight.
A directory of services to support pregnant and parenting people is also available. By calling or visiting the agencies and offices in the directory you can find out about alternatives to abortion, obtain assistance in making an adoption plan for your baby; and locate public and private agencies that offer medical and financial help during pregnancy, childbirth and while a child is dependent. This directory does not include referrals to abortion care. The directory is available online: If You Are Pregnant: A Directory of Services Available in Minnesota.
A person who carries the pregnancy to term (37-42 weeks gestational age) can usually expect to experience a safe and healthy process, though there are risks to carrying a pregnancy to term. Some medical issues such as diabetes, high blood pressure, autoimmune diseases, history of blood clots, lung, or heart diseases, may significantly increase the medical risks during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum period. These medical issues should be discussed with a healthcare provider prior to pregnancy and as soon as a person knows they are pregnant.
If you remain fertile through treatment and want to get pregnant after it ends, be sure you know how long you should wait before trying. Studies about this are hard to find, but some suggest getting pregnant too soon after chemo can harm the fetus, cause birth defects, or cause a woman to miscarry
Hormone therapies are often used to treat breast cancer or other cancers. These can affect your ability to have a child. Some of these drugs, such as tamoxifen, might not cause problems getting pregnant, but can cause birth defects. Other hormone therapies may block or suppress hormones, causing infertility by putting a woman into early menopause. This may be temporary or permanent, depending on the type and length of treatment.
An employee may claim she was subjected to discrimination based on past pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. The language of the PDA does not restrict claims to those based on current pregnancy. As one court stated, "It would make little sense to prohibit an employer from firing a woman during her pregnancy but permit the employer to terminate her the day after delivery if the reason for termination was that the woman became pregnant in the first place."[21]
Title VII is violated if a facially neutral policy has a disproportionate adverse effect on women affected by pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions and the employer cannot show that the policy is job related for the position in question and consistent with business necessity.[88] Proving disparate impact ordinarily requires a statistical showing that a specific employment practice has a discriminatory effect on workers in the protected group. However, statistical evidence might not be required if it could be shown that all or substantially all pregnant women would be negatively affected by the challenged policy.[89] 2ff7e9595c
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