Ap Tuner 3.08 Serial Number

This page describes the configuration file for the Hercules S/370,ESA/390, and z/Architecture emulator.The configuration file hercules.cnf contains theprocessor and device layout. It is roughly equivalent to the IOCDS ona real System/390. The configuration file is an ASCII text file.Example configuration filePlease note that the below example configuration file should notbe considered a good example of what an actual configuration filelooks like. It is only meant to illustrate what someof the supported configuration file statements look likeand how they are used. #################################################################### # HERCULES EMULATOR CONTROL FILE # # (Note: not all parameters are shown) # #################################################################### # # System parameters # ARCHMODE ESA/390 OSTAILOR OS/390 LOADPARM 0120.... CPUSERIAL 000611 CPUMODEL 3090 CPUVERID FD LPARNAME HERCULES LPARNUM 21 MODEL EMULATOR PLANT ZZ MANUFACTURER HRC MAINSIZE 64 XPNDSIZE 0 NUMCPU 1 NUMVEC 1 MAXCPU 8 ENGINES CP SYSEPOCH 1900 YROFFSET -28 TZOFFSET -0500 HTTPROOT /usr/local/share/hercules/ HTTPPORT 8081 NOAUTH CCKD RA=2,RAQ=4,RAT=2,WR=2,GCINT=10,GCPARM=0,NOSTRESS=0,TRACE=0,FREEPEND=-1 SHRDPORT 3990 PANTITLE "My own private MAINFRAME!" PANRATE FAST LOGOPT TIMESTAMP CODEPAGE default CNSLPORT 3270 CONKPALV (3,1,10) LEGACYSENSEID OFF HERCPRIO 0 TODPRIO -20 DEVPRIO 8 CPUPRIO 15 TIMERINT DEFAULT TODDRAG 1.0 DEVTMAX 8 DIAG8CMD disable SHCMDOPT disable DEFSYM TAPEDIR "$(HOME)/tapes" AUTOMOUNT $(TAPEDIR) AUTOMOUNT +/tapes AUTOMOUNT -/tapes/vault MODPATH /usr/local/hercules LDMOD dyncrypt PGMPRDOS restricted ECPSVM no ASN_AND_LX_REUSE disable AUTO_SCSI_MOUNT no MOUNTED_TAPE_REINIT allow INCLUDE mydevs.cfg IGNORE INCLUDE_ERRORS INCLUDE optdevs.cfg # # Device statements # 0009 3215-C / 000A 1442 adrdmprs.rdr 000C 3505 jcl.txt ascii trunc 000D 3525 pch00d.txt ascii 000E 1403 prt00e.txt noclear 001E 1403 192.168.200.1:1403 sockdev 001F 3270 * 192.168.0.1 0200.4 3270 * 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 0220.8 3270 GROUP1 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0 0228.8 3270 GROUP2 0230.16 3270 0000 SYSG SYSGCONS 0120 3380 $DASD_PATH=dasd/mvsv5r.120 0121 3380 $DASD_PATH=dasd/mvsv5d.121 0122 3380 $DASD_PATH=dasd/mvswk1.122 0123 3380 192.168.1.100 0140 3370 dosres.140 0141 3370 syswk1.141 0300 3370 sysres.300 0400 CTCT 30880 192.168.100.2 30880 2048 0401 CTCT 30881 192.168.100.2 30881 2048 0420.2 CTCI 192.168.200.1 192.168.200.2 0440.2 LCS -n /dev/net/tun 192.168.200.2 0E40 CTCE 31880 192.168.1.202 32880 0E41 CTCE 31882 192.168.1.202 32882 0580 3420 /dev/nst0 # SCSI (Linux or Windows) 0581 3420 \\.\Tape0 # SCSI (Windows only) 0582 3420 ickdsf.aws noautomount 0583 3420 /cdrom/tapes/uaa196.tdf 0584-0587 3420 $(TAPEDIR)/volumes.$(CUU) maxsizeM=170 eotmargin=131072 0590 3480 /dev/nst0 --no-erg --blkid-32 # Quantum DLT SCSI 0023 2703 lport=3780 rhost=localhost rport=3781 dial=no 00C3 2703 lport=32003 dial=IN tty=1Comment lines Blank lines, and lines beginning with a # sign or an asterisk, are treated as comments. System parameters System parameters may appear in any order but they must precede all device statements. Each system parameter must be on a separate line. The following system parameters may be specified:ARCHMODE S/370 ESA/390 z/Arch ESAME specifies the initial architecture mode: use S/370 for OS/360, VM/370, and MVS 3.8. use ESA/390 for MVS/XA, MVS/ESA, OS/390, VM/ESA, VSE/ESA, Linux/390, and ZZSA. use z/Arch or ESAME for z/OS and zLinux. ESAME is a synonym for z/Arch. When z/Arch or ESAME is specified, the machine will always IPL in ESA/390 mode, but is capable of being switched into z/Architecture mode after IPL. This is handled automatically by all z/Architecture operating systems. ASN_AND_LX_REUSE DISABLE ENABLE specifies that the ASN-and-LX-Reuse Facility (ALRF) is to be disabled or enabled. The default is disabled. This is a z/Architecture-only feature (it is always disabled for S/390 or ESA/390). Set this to ENABLE if the operating system supports this z/Architecture feature and the use of this feature is desired. Set it to DISABLE or do not specify anything if the operating system doesn't support this feature, and it inadvertently sets CR0 bit 44 to 1, usually leading to unexpected program interrupt when instructions such as LASP are issued. ASN_AND_LX_REUSE may be abbreviated as ALRF AUTOMOUNT []directory specifies the host system directory where the guest is allowed or not allowed to automatically load virtual tape volumes from. Prefix allowable directories with a '+' plus sign and unallowable directories with a '-' minus sign. The default prefix if neither is specified is the '+' plus sign (i.e. an allowable directory). Caution: Enabling this feature may have security consequences depending on which allowable host system directories you specify as well as how your guest operating system enforces authorized use of the Set Diagnose (X'4B') channel command code. All host system virtual tape volumes to be "automounted" by the guest must reside within one of the specified allowable host system directories or any of its subdirectories while not also being within any of the specified unallowable directories or any of their subdirectories, in order for the guest-invoked automount to be accepted. Note: specifying a disallowed automount directory does not preclude the Hercules operator from manually mounting any desired file via the devinit panel command -- even one in a currently defined "disallowed" automount directory. The AUTOMOUNT statement only controls guest-invoked automatic tape mounts and not manual tape mounts performed by the Hercules operator. All directories must be specified on separate statements, but as many statements as needed may be specified in order to describe the desired allowable/unallowable directories layout. For convenience, an automount panel command is also provided to dynamically add/remove new/existing allowable/unallowable automount directories at any time. The automount feature is activated whenever you specify at least one allowable or unallowable directory. If only unallowable directories are specified, then the current directory becomes the only defined allowable automount directory by default. All specified directories are always resolved to fully-qualified absolute directory paths before being saved. Refer to the description of the virtual tape device 'noautomount' option for more information. AUTO_SCSI_MOUNT NO YES nn specifies whether automatic detection of SCSI tape mounts are to be enabled or not. Specifying NO or 0 seconds (the default) indicates the option is disabled, forcing all SCSI tape mounts to be done manually via an appropriate devinit command. A value from 1 to 99 seconds inclusive enables the option and causes periodic queries of the SCSI tape drive to automatically detect when a new tape is mounted. Specifying YES is the same as specifying 5 seconds, the current default interval. The scsimount panel command may also be used to display and/or modify this value on demand once Hercules has been started. Note too that the scsimount panel command also lists any mounts and/or dismounts that may still be pending on the drive, as long as you've defined your tape drive as a model that has an LCD "display" (such as a model 3480, 3490 or 3590). Note: enabling this option may cause Hercules to take longer to shutdown depending on the value specified for this option as well as how the host operating system (Windows, Linux, etc) and associated hardware (SCSI adapter) behaves to drive status queries for drives which do not have any media currently mounted on them. CCKD cckd-parameters The CCKD command and initialization statement can be used to affect cckd processing. The CCKD initialization statement is specified as a Hercules configuration file statement and supports the same options as the cckd panel command. Refer to the Compressed Dasd Emulation web page for more information. CODEPAGE mapping specifies the codepage conversion mapping table used for ASCII/EBCDIC translation. default specifies traditional Hercules codepage mapping. Other supported codepage mappings are: Mapping Description ASCII EBCDIC 437/037 437 PC United States 037 United States/Canada 437/500 437 PC United States 500 International 437/1047 437 PC United States 1047 Open Systems Latin 1 819/037 819 ISO-8859-1 037 United States/Canada 819/037v2 819 ISO-8859-1 037 United States/Canada version 2 819/273 819 ISO-8859-1 273 Austria/Germany 819/277 819 ISO-8859-1 277 Denmark/Norway 819/278 819 ISO-8859-1 278 Finland/Sweden 819/280 819 ISO-8859-1 280 Italy 819/284 819 ISO-8859-1 284 Spain 819/285 819 ISO-8859-1 285 United Kingdom 819/297 819 ISO-8859-1 297 France 819/500 819 ISO-8859-1 500 International 819/1047 819 ISO-8859-1 1047 Open Systems Latin 1 850/273 850 PC Latin 1 273 Austria/Germany 850/1047 850 PC Latin 1 1047 Open Systems Latin 1 1252/037 1252 Windows Latin 1 037 United States/Canada 1252/037v2 1252 Windows Latin 1 037 United States/Canada version 2 1252/1047 1252 Windows Latin 1 1047 Open Systems Latin 1 1252/1140 1252 Windows Latin 1 1140 United States/Canada with Euro Iconv single byte codepages may also be used (e.g. UTF8/EBCDIC-CP-NL) if the host environment supports iconv. If no codepage is specified then the environment variable HERCULES_CP will be inspected. The default codepage mapping is default. CNSLPORT nnnn specifies the port number (in decimal) to which tn3270 and telnet clients will connect. The CNSLPORT statement may also have the form of host:port, where the telnet console server will bind to the specified address. CONKPALV (idle,intv,count) specifies the tn3270 console and telnet clients keep-alive option values that control automatic detection of disconnected tn3270/telnet client sessions. idle specifies the number of seconds of inactivity until the first keep-alive probe is sent (idle time until first probe, or probe frequency). intv specifies the interval in seconds between when successive keep-alive packets are sent if no acknowledgement is received from the previous one (i.e. the timeout value of the probes themselves). count specifies the number of unacknowledged keep-alive packets sent before the connection is considered to have failed. The default values are 3, 1, and 10. That is, send the initial probe 3 seconds after the line goes idle and then wait no more than one second for it to be responded to. Do this 10 times before considering the client as having died. Note: This is a built-in feature of TCP/IP and allows detection of unresponsive TCP/IP connections and not idle clients. That is to say, your connection will not be terminated after 3 seconds of idle time. Your 3270 session can remain idle for many minutes without any data being transmitted. If the TCP/IP stack at the other end of the connection -- not your 3270 client itself -- fails to respond to the internal keep-alive probe packets, then it means that the TCP/IP stack is down or there has been a break in the connection. Thus, even if your 3270 client is completely idle, your system's TCP/IP stack itself should still respond to the keep-alive probes sent by the TCP/IP stack at the Hercules end of the link. If it doesn't, then TCP/IP will terminate the tn3270/telnet session which will cause Hercules to disconnect the terminal. The three values can also be modified on-demand via the conkpalv panel command, which has the exact same syntax. Note that the syntax is very unforgiving: no spaces are allowed anywhere within the parentheses and each value must be separated from the other with a single comma. Note: On Windows platforms the count value is ignored and cannot be changed from its default value of 10. Also, some older platforms may ignore all of the values specified and use platform default values instead. CPUMODEL xxxx specifies the 4 hexadecimal digit CPU machine type number stored by the STIDP instruction Note: Prior to ESA/390 this was known as the CPU model number CPUPRIO nn specifies the priority of the CPU thread. Default is a nice value of 15, which means a low priority such that I/O can be scheduled and completed in favour of CPU cycles being burned. On Multi-CPU systems, a real CPU can be "dedicated" to Hercules, by giving the CPU thread a very high dispatching priority (-20). See "Thread Priorities" below for more information. Caution: CPUPRIO should not have a higher dispatching priority than the TOD Clock and timer thread. CPUSERIAL xxxxxx specifies the 6 hexadecimal digit CPU serial number stored by the STIDP instruction CPUVERID xx specifies the 2 hexadecimal digit CPU version code stored by the STIDP instruction. The default version code is FD when ARCHMODE S/370 or ARCHMODE ESA/390 is specified. For the z/Architecture mode, the version code is always stored as 00 and the value specified here is ignored. DEFSYM symbol value Defines symbol symbol as to contain value value. The symbol can then be the object of a substitution later in the configuration file or for panel commands. If value contains blanks or spaces, then it should be enclosed in double quotation marks ("). See substitutions for a more in-depth discussion on this feature. Substitution is available even in configuration statements, meaning it is possible to perform substitution in the DEFSYM statement itself. However, symbols are always defined as the last step in the process, so attempting to self define a symbol will result in an empty string: DEFSYM FOO $(FOO) Will set symbol FOO to "" DEVPRIO nn specifies the priority of the device threads. The default value is 8. See "Thread Priorities" below for more information. Caution: DEVPRIO should not have a higher dispatching priority than the TOD Clock and timer thread. DEVTMAX -1 0 nnn specifies the maximum number of device threads allowed. Specify -1 to cause 'one time only' temporary threads to be created to service each I/O request to a device. Once the I/O request is complete, the thread exits. Subsequent I/O to the same device will cause another worker thread to be created again. Specify 0 to cause an unlimited number of 'semi-permanent' threads to be created on an 'as-needed' basis. With this option, a thread is created to service an I/O request for a device if one doesn't already exist, but once the I/O is complete, the thread enters an idle state waiting for new work. If a new I/O request for the device arrives before the timeout period expires, the existing thread will be reused. The timeout value is currently hard coded at 5 minutes. Note that this option can cause one thread (or possibly more) to be created for each device defined in your configuration. Specifying 0 means there is no limit to the number of threads that can be created. Specify a value from 1 to nnn to set an upper limit to the number of threads that can be created to service any I/O request to any device. Like the 0 option, each thread, once done servicing an I/O request, enters an idle state. If a new request arrives before the timeout period expires, the thread is reused. If all threads are busy when a new I/O request arrives however, a new thread is created only if the specified maximum has not yet been reached. If the specified maximum number of threads has already been reached, then the I/O request is placed in a queue and will be serviced by the first available thread (i.e. by whichever thread becomes idle first). This option was created to address a threading issue (possibly related to the cygwin Pthreads implementation) on Windows systems. The default for Windows is 8. The default for all other systems is 0. DIAG8CMD DISABLE ENABLE [ECHO NOECHO] When ENABLE is specified, commands issued through the Diagnose 8 interface will be executed by Hercules as Hercules commands. When set to DISABLE, commands issued through the Diagnose 8 interface will generate a Specification Exception program interrupt on the issuing CPU. An optional second argument can be given to request whether the commands issued using the Diagnose 8 interface will be traced at the console. This may be useful for programs that routinely issue panel commands using the Diagnose 8 interface. When ECHO is specified, a message is issued as the panel is about to issue the command, the command is redisplayed as if it was entered through the panel input line, and a final message is issued to indicate the command completed. When NOECHO is specified, no such messages are displayed and the command completes silently. The value of ECHO or NOECHO has no effect on command output being placed into a response buffer if the Diagnose 8 interface requested one. The default is DISABLE NOECHO Caution: Enabling this feature may have security consequences. When this feature is enabled it is possible for guest operating systems running under Hercules to issue commands directly to the host operating system by means of the Hercules sh (shell) command. This ability may be disabled via the SHCMDOPT statement. ECPSVM YES NO LEVEL nn specifies whether ECPS:VM (Extended Control Program Support : Virtual Machine) support is to be enabled. If YES is specified, then the support level reported to the operating system is 20. The purpose of ECPS:VM is to provide to the VM/370 Operating system a set of shortcut facilities to perform hypervisor functions (CP Assists) and virtual machine simulation (VM Assists). Although this feature does not affect VM Operating system products operating in XA, ESA or z/Architecture mode, it will affect VM/370 and VM/SP products running under VM/XA, VM/ESA or z/VM. Running VM/370 and VM/SP products under VM/XA, VM/ESA or z/VM should be done with ECPS:VM disabled. ECPS:VM should not be enabled in an AP or MP environment. ECPS:VM has no effect on non-VM operating systems. It is however recommended to disable ECPS:VM when running native non-VM operating systems. If a specific LEVEL is specified, this value will be reported to the operating system when it issues a Store ECPS:VM level, but it doesn't otherwise alter the ECPS:VM facility operations. This is a partial implementation. ENGINES [nn*]CPILAPIP[,...] specifies the type of engine for each installed processor. The default engine type is CP. nn* is an optional repeat count. Spaces are not permitted. Examples: ENGINES CP,CP,AP,IP specifies that processor engines 0 and 1 are of type CP, engine 2 is type AP, and engine 3 is type IP. ENGINES 4*CP,2*AP,2*IP specifies that the first four processor engines (engines 0-3) are of type CP, the next two (engines 4-5) are of type AP, and the next two (engines 6-7) are of type IP. The number of installed processor engines is determined by the MAXCPU statement. If the ENGINES statement specifies more than MAXCPU engines, the excess engines are ignored. If fewer than MAXCPU engines are specified, the remaining engines are set to type CP. HERCPRIO nn specifies the process priority for Hercules. The default is 0. See "Process Priorities" below for more information. HTTPPORT nnnn [AUTH NOAUTH] [ userid password ] specifies the port number (in decimal) on which the HTTP server will listen. The port number must either be 80 or within the range 1024 - 65535 inclusive. If no HTTPPORT statement is present or an invalid port number is specified, then the HTTP server thread will not be activated. AUTH indictates that a userid and password are required to access the HTTP server, whereas NOAUTH indicates that a userid and password are not required. The userid and password may be any valid string. HTTPROOT directory specifies the root directory where the HTTP server's files reside. If not specified, the default value for Win32 builds of Hercules is the directory where the Hercules executable itself is executing out of, and for non-Win32 builds it is the directory specified as the default package installation directory when the Hercules executable was built (which can vary depending on how the Hercules package was built, but is usually /usr/local/share/hercules/). IGNORE INCLUDE_ERRORS Indicates that errors caused by subsequent INCLUDE statements for files which do not exist should instead be ignored rather than causing startup to be aborted (as would otherwise normally occur). INCLUDE filepath An INCLUDE statement tells Hercules configuration file processing to treat the contents of the file specified by filepath as if its contents had appeared in the configuration file at the point where the INCLUDE statement appears. Note that the included file may itself contain yet another INCLUDE statement as long as the maximum nesting depth (current 8) is not exceeded. IODELAY usec [NOWARN] specifies the amount of time (in microseconds) to wait after an I/O interrupt is ready to be set pending. This value can also be set using the Hercules console. The purpose of this parameter is to bypass a bug in the Linux/390 and zLinux dasd.c device driver. The problem is more apt to happen under Hercules than on a real machine because we may present an I/O interrupt sooner than a real machine. If the IODELAY value is non-zero a warning message (HHCCF037W) will be issued unless NOWARN is specified. NOTE : OSTAILOR LINUX no longer sets IODELAY to 800 since the problem described above is no longer present in recent versions of the Linux kernel. LDMOD module list specifies additional modules that are to be loaded by the Hercules dynamic loader. The default search order is with the hercules directory in the default DLL search path. Most systems also support absolute filenames (ie names starting with '/' or '.') in which case the default search path is not taken. Multiple LDMOD statements may be used. LEGACYSENSEID OFF DISABLE ON ENABLE specifies whether the SENSE ID CCW (X'E4') will be honored for the devices that originally didn't support that feature. This includes (but may not be limited to) 3410 and 3420 tape drives, 2311 and 2314 direct access storage devices, and 2703 communication controllers. Specify ON or ENABLE if your guest operating system needs the Sense ID support to dynamically detect those devices. Note that most current operating systems will not detect those devices even though Sense ID is enabled because those devices never supported the Sense ID in the first place. So this mainly applies to custom built or modified versions of guest operating systems that are aware of this specific Hercules capability. Because those legacy devices didn't originally support this command, and for compatibility reasons, the default is OFF or DISABLE. LOADPARM xxxxxxxx specifies the eight-character IPL parameter which is used by some operating systems to select system parameters. LOGOPT TIMESTAMP NOTIMESTAMP sets Hercules log options. TIMESTAMP causes messages to the log to be time stamped. NOTIMESTAMP prevents time stamping of log messages. TIMESTAMP and NOTIMESTAMP may be abbreviated as TIME and NOTIME respectively. The current resolution of the stamp is one second. The default is TIMESTAMP. LPARNAME name specifies the LPAR name returned by DIAG X'204'. The default is HERCULES. LPARNUM xx specifies the one- or two-digit hexadecimal LPAR identification number stored by the STIDP instruction. If a one-digit number is specified then STIDP stores a format-0 CPU ID. If a two-digit number is specified then STIDP stores a format-1 CPU ID. If LPARNUM is not specified, then STIDP stores a basic-mode CPU ID. MAINSIZE nnnn specifies the main storage size in megabytes, where nnnn is a decimal number. The lower limit is 2. The actual upper limit is determined by your host system's architecture and operating system, and (on some systems) the amount of physical memory and paging space you have available. MANUFACTURER name specifies the MANUFACTURER name returned the STSI instruction. The default is HRC. MAXCPU nn specifies the number of installed processor engines. The NUMCPU statement specifies the number of engines which will be configured online at startup time. All processors are CP engines unless otherwise specified by the ENGINES statement. The value of MAXCPU cannot exceed the value of MAX_CPU_ENGINES. If MAXCPU is not specified then the default value is the value of MAX_CPU_ENGINES. MAX_CPU_ENGINES is a compile-time variable which sets an upper limit on the value of MAXCPU. The value of MAX_CPU_ENGINES is displayed in the Build information message on the Hercules control panel at startup time. To change the value of MAX_CPU_ENGINES you must rebuild Hercules. For Unix builds, specify ./configure --enable-multi-cpu=nn before performing make. For Windows builds, specify SET MAX_CPU_ENGINES=nn before performing nmake. MAX_CPU_ENGINES may be up to 128 on 64-bit Linux platforms. On Windows, and on all 32-bit platforms, the maximum value is 64. For performance reasons, values above 32 are not recommended for 32-bit platforms. If MAX_CPU_ENGINES is set to 1 then multiprocessing is disabled. See also NUMCPU for a discussion of the performance implications of MAX_CPU_ENGINES. MODEL hardware_model [ capacity_model ] [ perm_capacity_model ] [ temp_capacity_model ] specifies the MODEL names returned by the STSI instruction. If two operands are supplied, the first is the hardware model name (CPC ND model) and the second is the capacity model name (CPC SI model). If only one operand is supplied, it is used as both the hardware model name and the capacity model name. The optional third and fourth operands specify the permanent capacity model name and the temporary capacity model name respectively. The default is EMULATOR. MODPATH path specifies the path where dynamic modules are loaded from. When a modpath statement is specified, the path on the modpath statement is searched before the default path is searched. When a relative path is specified is interpreted as a relative path within the default search path, if an absolute path is specified is interpreted as such. The default MODPATH is hercules, which means modules are loaded from the directory hercules within the default LD_LIBRARY_PATH. MOUNTED_TAPE_REINIT DISALLOW ALLOW specifies whether reinitialization of tape drive devices (via the devinit command, in order to mount a new tape) should be allowed if there is already a tape mounted on the drive. Specifying ALLOW (the default) indicates new tapes may be mounted (via 'devinit nnnn new-tape-filename') irrespective of whether or not there is already a tape mounted on the drive. Specifying DISALLOW prevents new tapes from being mounted if one is already mounted. When DISALLOW is specified and a tape is already mounted on the drive, it must first be unmounted (via the command 'devinit nnnn *') before the new tape can be mounted. Otherwise the devinit attempt to mount the new tape is rejected. This option is meant as a safety mechanism to protect against accidentally dismounting a tape from the wrong drive as a result of a simple typo (thereby cancelling a potentially important tape job) and was added by user request. Also note that for SCSI tape drives the 'devinit nnnn *' command has no effect as the tape must be unmounted manually (since it is a real physical device and not one emulated via a disk file like .AWS tapes). NUMCPU nn specifies the number of emulated processor engines which will be configured online at startup time. NUMCPU cannot exceed the value of MAXCPU. If NUMCPU is less than MAXCPU then the remaining engines can be configured online later. Multiprocessor emulation works best if your host system actually has more than one physical CPU, but you can still emulate multiple CPUs nervertheless even on a uniprocessor system (and you might even achieve a small performance benefit when you do). There is little point, however, in specifying NUMCPU greater than 1 unless your guest operating system (running under Hercules) is actually able to support multiple CPUs (and if you do not actually need multiprocessor emulation, then setting MAX_CPU_ENGINES to 1 at compile time might even produce a slight performance advantage too). NUMVEC nn specifies the number of emulated vector facilities. Default is one per CPU. Only available by default in ESA/390 mode. OSTAILOR OS/390 z/OS VM VSE LINUX QUIET NULL specifies the intended operating system. The effect of this parameter is to reduce control panel message traffic by selectively suppressing trace messages for program checks which are considered normal in the specified environment. QUIET discards all exception messages. NULL allows all exception messages to be logged. Optionally prefix any value except QUIET or NULL with '+' to cause the suppressions for that environment to be combined (added) to those already specified, or with '-' to remove such suppressions (i.e. to allow them). If the OSTAILOR statement is omitted, exception messages for program checks 10, 11, 16, and 1C are suppressed. Use the ostailor or pgmtrace panel commands to display or alter the current settings. PANRATE SLOW FAST nn specifies the panel refresh rate, in milliseconds between refreshes. SLOW is the same as 500, and FAST is the same as 50. A value less than the Linux system clock tick interval (10 on Intel, 1 on Alpha), or more than 5000, will be rejected. SLOW is the default. PANTITLE "title-string" specifies an optional console window title-bar string to be used in place of the default supplied by the windowing system. If the value contains any blanks it must be enclosed within double-quotes. This option allows one to distinguish between different Hercules sessions when running more than one instance of Hercules on the same machine. This option takes effect only when the Hercules console is displayed on an xterm terminal (commonly used on Unix systems), or in a Windows command prompt window. Note that this option has no effect when Hercules is run under control of the Hercules GUI since Hercules's console window is hidden in favor of using the GUI's window instead. PGMPRDOS RESTRICTED LICENSED specifies whether or not Hercules will run licensed program product ESA or z/Architecture operating systems. If RESTRICTED is specified, Hercules will stop all CPUs when a licensed program product operating system is detected. Specify LICENSED to allow these operating systems to run normally. This parameter has no effect on Linux/390, Linux for z/Series, or any 370-mode OS. NOTE: It is YOUR responsibility to comply with the terms of the license for the operating system you intend to run on Hercules. If you specify LICENSED and run a licensed operating system in violation of that license, then don't come after the Hercules developers when the vendor sends his lawyers after you. RESTRICTED is the default. Specifying LICENSED will produce a message when a licensed operating system is detected to remind you of your responsibility to comply with software license terms. PLANT name specifies the PLANT name returned by the STSI instruction. The default is ZZ. SHCMDOPT DISABLE NODIAG8 When set to DISABLE, sh (shell) commands are globally disabled, and will result in an error if entered either directly via the Hercules hardware console or programmatically via the DIAG8CMD interface. When set to NODIAG8 only the programmatic execution of shell commands via the the Diagnose 8 interface is disabled, but sh (shell) commands entered directly via the Hercules hardware console will still work. NOTE: "entered directly via the Hercules hardware console" also pertains to both commands entered via the HTTP server facility as well as commands entered via .rc "run command" scripts. SHRDPORT nnnn specifies the port number (in decimal) on which the Shared Device server will listen. Specifying SHRDPORT will allow other Hercules instances to access devices on this instance. (Currently only DASD devices may be shared). By default, the other Hercules instances (clients) will use port 3990. If you specify a different port number, then you will have to specify this port number on the device statement for the other Hercules clients. If no SHRDPORT statement is present then the Shared Device server thread will not be activated. SYSEPOCH yyyy [years] specifies the base date for the TOD clock. Use the default value (1900) for all systems except OS/360. Use 1960 for OS/360. Values other than these were formerly used to offset the TOD clock by a number of years to move the date before the year 2000 for non-Y2K-compliant operating systems. This use is deprecated, and support will be removed in a future release; at that time, only values of 1900 or 1960 will be accepted. Other values will produce a warning message with the equivalent values to specify in the SYSEPOCH statement. An optional year offset may be specified, and will be treated as though it had been specified on a YROFFSET statement. TIMERINT DEFAULT nnnn specifies the internal timers update interval, in microseconds. This parameter specifies how frequently Hercules's internal timers-update thread updates the TOD Clock, CPU Timer, and other architectural related clock/timer values. The default interval is 50 microseconds, which strikes a reasonable balance between clock accuracy and overall host performance. The minimum allowed value is 1 microsecond and the maximum is 1000000 microseconds (i.e. one second). Caution: While a lower TIMERINT value may help increase the accuracy of your guest's TOD Clock and CPU Timer values, it could also have a severe negative impact on the overall performance of your host operating system. This is especially true when a low TIMERINT value is coupled with a high HERCPRIO and TODPRIO priority setting. Exercise extreme caution when choosing your desired TIMERINT in relationship to your chosen HERCPRIO and TODPRIO priority settings. TODDRAG nn specifies the TOD clock drag factor. This parameter can be used to slow down or speed up the TOD clock by a factor of nn. A significant slowdown can improve the performance of some operating systems which consume significant amounts of CPU time processing timer interrupts. A drag factor of 2.0 slows down the clock by 50%. A drag factor of 0.5 doubles the speed of the clock. A drag factor of 1.01 slows down the clock by 1%, and 0.99 speeds up the clock by 1%. TODPRIO nn specifies the priority of the TOD Clock and timer thread. The default value is -20. See "Thread Priorities" below for more information. Caution: TODPRIO should be given a dispatching priority equal to or higher than any other thread within Hercules. TRACEOPT TRADITIONAL REGSFIRST NOREGS sets the Hercules instruction tracing display option. TRADITIONAL (the default), displays the registers following the instruction about to be executed such that pressing enter (to execute the displayed instruction) then shows the next instruction to be executed followed by the updated registers display. REGSFIRST displays the current register contents followed by the instruction about to be executed such that pressing enter (to execute the displayed instruction) then shows the updated registers followed by the next instruction to be executed. NOREGS suppresses the registers display altogether and shows just the instruction to be executed. In addition to the TRACEOPT configuration file statement there is also a corresponding traceopt panel command to dynamically display and/or update the current setting at any time. TZOFFSET hhmm specifies the hours and minutes by which the TOD clock will be offset from the current system time. For GMT, use the default value (+0000). For timezones west of Greenwich, specify a negative value (example: -0500 for US Eastern Standard Time, -0800 for US Pacific Standard Time). For timezones east of Greenwich, specify a positive value (example: +0100 for Central European Time, +0930 for South Australian Time). XPNDSIZE nnnn specifies the expanded storage size in megabytes, where nnnn is a decimal number. The lower limit is 0. The actual upper limit is determined by your host system's architecture and operating system, and (on some systems) the amount of physical memory and paging space you have available. YROFFSET years specifies a number of years to offset the TOD clock from the actual date. Positive numbers will move the clock forward in time, while negative numbers will move it backward. A common value for non-Y2K-compliant operating systems is YROFFSET -28, which has the advantage that the day of the week and the presence or absence of February 29 is the same as the current year. This value may not be specified as greater than 142 years, the total range of the TOD clock. Specifying a value that causes the computed TOD clock year to be earlier than the value of SYSEPOCH or more than 142 years later than that value will produce unexpected results. A comment preceded by a # sign may be appended to any system parameter statement.Symbol substitutions In configuration and device statements, as well as in panel commands and OAT files, symbols may be substituted for text.Syntax To substitute symbol symbol with its contents, the symbol should be enclosed within parenthesis and preceded by a $ sign. For example, if symbol FOO contains the text string "BAR" then $(FOO) will be substituted with the string "BAR". Symbol names are case sensitive.Example DEFSYM TAPEDIR "/home/hercules/tapes" ... 0380 3420 $(TAPEDIR)/scratch.aws ... In this example, device 0380 will be a 3420 loaded with the AWS tape file in /home/hercules/tapes/scratch.awsSpecial symbols Device group symbols When multiple devices are defined with a single device definition statement, then the symbols CUU (3 digits device number, upper case hexadecimal digits) CCUU (4 digits device number, upper case hexadecimal digits) cuu (3 digits device number, lower case hexadecimal digits) ccuu (4 digits device number, lower case hexadecimal digits) are defined to contain for each device the relevant device address. For example: 0200,0201 3340 /home/hercules/dasds/myvols.$(CUU) will define two 3340 packs, with device 0200 being loaded with the file myvols.200 and device 0201 defined with myvols.201. Environment variables If a symbol is not explicitly defined by a DEFSYM statement and an environment variable by the same name exists, the string contents of that environment variable will be used for substitution. Undefined symbols If a symbol is not defined by an explicit DEFSYM, is not an automatically generated symbol and is not an environment variable, an empty string will be substituted. Escaping substitution, recursion To be able to specify the '$(' string without incurring substitution, an additional '$' sign should be used. For example, $$(FOO) will not be substituted. If substitution is required but the preceding text is to contain a '$' sign as the very last character, then $$$(FOO) should be specified. Thus, if symbol FOO contains "BAR", then $$(FOO) will remain "$$(FOO)" while $$$(FOO) will become "$BAR". Substitution is not recursive (only one substitution pass is made). Enhanced symbol substitutions Enhanced symbol substitution differs from the above normal symbol substitution in several very important ways: First, the syntax is different. Enhanced substitution symbol names are specified using $var (dollar + brace) rather than $(var) (dollar + parenthesis). Second, the enhanced syntax supports specifying a default value that is to be used instead whenever the name symbol is otherwise not defined. The default value is placed within the opening and closing braces just as the symbol name is, but separated from it by either a single equal sign '=' or a colon-equal-sign ':='. For example, specifying "$DASD_PATH=dasd/" in your configuration file requests that the value of the "DASD_PATH" symbol or environment variable be substituted, or, if the variable is undefined, to use the value "dasd/" instead. If no default value is specified then an empty string is used instead. Finally, enhanced symbol substitution occurs only from host defined environment variables and not from any identically named DEFSYM symbol should one exist. For example, if environment variable 'FOO' is defined with the value "bar", then the configuration file statement "DEFSYM FOO myfoo" followed immediately by the statement "$FOO" causes the value "bar" to be substituted and not 'myfoo' as might otherwise be believed, whereas the statement "$(FOO)", since it is a normal symbol substitution sequence does get replaced with "myfoo" (since that was the value defined to it via the preceding DEFSYM statement). In other words each symbol substitution technique is supported completely separately from one another. DEFSYM allows one to define/undefine/use private (internally defined) symbols separate from the host operating system's environment variable pool, whereas the enhanced symbol substitution does not and instead only allows read-only access to the host's environment variable pool with no support for modifying an already defined symbol (environment variable) but a nonethless convenient means of defining a default value to be used should the specified host environment variable be currently undefined. Further note that symbol names, being the names of environment variables, are subject to whatever case sensitivity or case insensitivity that the host operating system happens to enforce/allow. On Windows, environment variables are not case sensitive, whereas on other operating systems they may be. Thus "$FOO", "$foo", "$Foo", etc, all cause the same value to be substituted on Windows, whereas the DEFSYM symbols $(FOO) and $(foo), being two completely different and unique symbols, could be substituted with two completely different values (since DEFSYM is case sensitive across all supported platforms, including Windows). Syntax To substitute symbol symbol with the current environment variable value, the symbol should be enclosed within braces and preceded by a $ sign. For example, if an environment variable named FOO holds the value "BAR", then $FOO will be substituted with the string "BAR". If the environment variable "FOO" is not defined then a null (empty) string is substituted instead. If the string "$FOO:=myfoo" is used instead, then the value "BAR" will still be substituted if the value "BAR" was indeed previously assigned to FOO, but will be substituted with the value "myfoo" instead if the environment variable FOO is currently undefined. Note too that the default value is a literal string and no substitution is applied to it. Thus attempting to use the syntax "$foo=$bar" will not yield the expected results. It will not be substituted with the currently defined value of the "bar" environment variable, but rather will always be substituted with the literal string "$bar" followed immediately by the literal character ''. Symbol names (environment variable names) are not case sensitive on Windows whereas they might be on other host operating systems. Process and Thread PrioritiesProcess Priorities Note: Under Linux, a process is a thread and thread priority information applies instead. For Windows, the following conversions are used for translating Unix process priorities to Windows process priority classes: UnixPriority Windows ProcessPriority Class Meaning -20 to -16 Real-time Process that has the highest possible priority. The threads of the process preempt the threads of all other processes, including operating system processes performing important tasks. For example, a real-time process that executes for more than a very brief interval can cause disk caches not to flush or cause the mouse to be unresponsive. -15 to -9 High Process that performs time-critical tasks that must be executed immediately. The threads of the process preempt the threads of normal or idle priority class processes. An example is the Task List, which must respond quickly when called by the user, regardless of the load on the operating system. Use extreme care when using the high-priority class, because a high-priority class application can use nearly all available CPU time. -8 to -1 Above Normal Process that has priority above the Normal class but below the High class. 0 to 7 Normal Process with no special scheduling needs. 8 to 14 Below Normal Process that has priority above the Idle class but below the Normal class. 15 to 20 Idle Process whose threads run only when the system is idle. The threads of the process are preempted by the threads of any process running in a higher priority class. An example is a screen saver. The idle-priority class is inherited by child processes. Caution: On Windows, the value you choose for your Process Priority has a direct impact on how your Thread Priorities are interpreted! You should never modify one without understanding what impact your doing so might have on the other! Thread Priorities On a Linux/Unix host, Hercules needs to be a setuid root program to allow it to reset its dispatching priority to a high (negative) value (i.e., chown root.root hercules; chmod +s hercules). For Windows, the following conversions are used for translating Linux/Unix thread priorities to Windows thread priorities: UnixPriority WindowsThread Priority Meaning -20 to -16 Time Critical Base priority of 15 for Idle, Below Normal, Normal, Above Normal, or High class processes, and a base priority of 31 for Realtime class processes. -15 to -9 Highest Priority 2 points above the priority class. -8 to -1 Above Normal Priority 1 point above the priority class. 0 to 7 Normal Normal priority for the priority class. 8 to 14 Below Normal Priority 1 point below the priority class. 15 to 19 Lowest Priority 2 points below the priority class. 20 Idle Base priority of 1 for Idle, Below Normal, Normal, Above Normal, or High class processes, and a base priority of 16 for Realtime class processes. Caution: On Windows, your Thread Priority is interpreted differently based on your chosen Process Priority setting! You should never modify your Thread Priority settings without first reviewing your chosen Process Priority setting! Device statements The remaining statements in the configuration file are device statements. There must be one device statement for each I/O device or group of identical I/O devices. The format of the device statement is: devnum(s) devtype [ arguments ] [ # comments... ] where the generic syntax for device numbers is [n:]CCUU[,CCUU][-CCUU][.nn][...] as explained below: devnum(s) is either a single devnum, a range of devnums (separated by a '-' (dash)), a count of devnums (separated by a '.' (dot/period/stop)), or a comma separated list of devnums. Examples would be 200-210 or 0300.10 or 0400,0403 or 0100,0110-011F. All devices defined when devnums specifies more than one device have identical characteristics (except for the device number itself). All devices defined as a group must be defined on a single channel. A channel is defined as a contiguous group of 256 (or hexadecimal 100) devices. 0010 and 0020 are on the same channels. 0100 and 0210 are not. See devnum immediately below for an explanation of how each device number is specified. The 4 special subtitution symbols CUU, CCUU, cuu and ccuu are also defined for each device in a device group. See substitutions for details. devnum is either a 1 to 4 digit hexadecimal number in the range 0000 to FFFF for ESA/390, or 0000 to 0FFF for S/370. The device number uniquely identifies each device to the operating system. Channel Set / Logical Channel Subsystem An optional Channel Set or Logical Channel Subsystem Identification can be specified for a device number or group of devices. The Identification number is specified at the beginning of the definition, followed by a ':' character. For example : 1:0400-040F 3270 defines 3270 devices 400 to 40F to be on S/370 Channel Set 1 or on S/390 or z/Architecture Logical Channel Subsystem # 1. Since each Logical Channel Subsystem defines its own device numbering space, care should be taken in S/370 mode as to define a coherent set of device numbers. Not all S/390 or z/Architecture operating systems support Multiple Logical Channel Subsystems (this feature was introduced with the z9-109). If no Channel Set or Logical Channel Subsystem Identification is specified, then it is assumed to be 0. devtype is the device type. Valid device types are shown in the table just below. arguments is a list of parameters whose meaning depends on the device type. The arguments required for each class of device are shown further below. # comments... A comment preceded by a # sign may be appended to any device definition statement. Supported Device Types Device type Description Emulated by 3270, 3287 Local non-SNA 3270 display or printer TN3270 client connection SYSG Integrated 3270 console TN3270 client connection 1052, 3215 Console printer-keyboards Telnet client connection 1052-C, 3215-C Integrated console printer-keyboards Integrated on Hercules console 1442, 2501, 3505 Card readers Disk file(s) (ASCII or EBCDIC) 3525 Card punch Disk file (ASCII or EBCDIC) 1403, 3211 Line printers Disk file (ASCII) 3410, 3420, 3422, 3430, 3480, 3490, 3590, 9347, 8809 Tape drives Disk file, CDROM, or SCSI tape 3088 Channel-to-Channel Adapter device "CTCT" driver or "CTCE" driver (( CTCI )) Channel-to-Channel link to host TCP/IP stack "CTCI" TUN/TAP Driver (( LCS )) IBM 2216 router, IBM 3172 running ICP, IBM 8232 LCS device, LCS3172 driver of a P/390, IBM Open Systems Adapter (OSA) "LCS" (LAN Channel Station) TUN/TAP Driver 3310, 3370, 9332, 9335, 9336, 0671 FBA direct access storage devices Disk file 2305, 2311, 2314, 3330, 3340, 3350, 3375, 3380, 3390, 9345 CKD direct access storage devices Disk file 2703 Communication Line TCP Socket 2703 Remote Teletype TCP Socket Arguments required for each device type Local non-SNA 3270 devices There are no required arguments for this particular device type, but there are however several optional arguments which are discussed below. To use this device, a tn3270 client must connect to the host machine via the port number specified on the CNSLPORT statement. A valid tn3270 device type, such as IBM-3278, must be used. If your tn3270 client software allows you to specify a device type suffix (e.g. IBM-3278@001F ), then you can use the suffix to connect to that specific device number, if eligible. If no suffix is specified, then your client will be connected to the first available 3270 device for which it is eligible, if any. If you specify a specific terminal device address (via the device type suffix of your tn3270 client software), then you must be eligible to connect at that device address or your connection is immediately rejected; an alternative terminal device for which you might be eligible is not automatically selected instead. Optional arguments: groupname If a terminal group name is given on the device statement, a device type suffix with this group name can be used to indicate that a device in this group is to be used. If a group name is specified as a terminal type suffix (e.g. IBM-3278@GROUPNAME ) and there are no devices defined for that group (or there are no more available devices remaining in that group), then the connection is rejected. If no group name is specified as a terminal type suffix, then the connection will only be eligible for any terminal devices which do not have a group name specified on their device statements. The terminal group name, if specified, should be 1 to 8 alphanumeric characters, the first character being alphabetic, and it should not be a hexadecimal number. Upper and lower case letters in the group name are considered to be equivalent. ipaddr [ mask ] The optional IP address and optional subnet mask specify the ip address(es) of which client(s) are allowed to connect at the device address identified by the device statement on which they appear. This provides an alternative and/or additional means of specifying to which device(s) a client tn3270 session may, or should, connect. If the IP address of the tn3270 client trying to connect, when 'and'ed with the optional subnet mask (which defaults to 255.255.255.255 if not specified), matches the IP address entered on the device statement, then the client is eligible to connect at that device address. Otherwise the client is ineligible to connect at that address and then next available device, if any, for which the client is eligible to connect (if any) is selected instead. If no permissible terminal devices remain (i.e. terminal devices for which the client is eligible to connect), or there are no more available terminal devices remaining, then the client connection is rejected. The optional IP address and subnet mask may also be specified in conjunction with the previously mentioned terminal group argument, but the terminal group argument, if specified, must be specified ahead of (i.e. before) the optional ip address and subnet mask arguments. To specify an IP address and subnet mask without also specifying a terminal group, simply use '*' as the group name instead. If an IP address / subnet mask are not specified, then any client tn3270 session is allowed to connect to the device (provided they are also a member of the specified terminal group, if any). The terminal group name argument, if specified, always takes precedence over any optional ip address and subnet mask which may also be specified. To summarize, the device number suffix always takes precedence over any group name which may also be specified, and any group name, if specified, always takes precedence over any ip address / subnet mask value which may also be specified. Integrated 3270 console device The integrated 3270 (SYSG) console is similar to a local non-SNA 3270 device, except that it is not addressed by subchannel number and it is supported only by certain system control programs. The SYSG console is defined like a 3270 device except that the device type is SYSG and the device number is ignored. Only one SYSG console can be defined in a configuration. Use tn3270 client software to connect to the SYSG console device via the port number specified on the CNSLPORT statement, just as you would connect to a regular local non-SNA 3270 device. The SYSG console configuration statement recognizes optional arguments which specify group name and IP address in the same way as previously described for a local non-SNA 3270 device. These optional arguments provide a means to ensure that a given tn3270 client can connect directly to the SYSG console. If the group name and IP address arguments are not specified, then the SYSG console is considered to be a member of the general pool of devices eligible for connection to any incoming tn3270 client. Integrated Console printer-keyboard devices There is one optional argument which is the command prefix for sending input to the device. The default command prefix is '/'. Note: There is no restriction on the character you can select. If you select a command character that is the first character of a panel command, you will not be able to use that command. To send a logon command to a 1052-C or 3215-C enter /logon on the Hercules console. All integrated devices must use a different command prefix. Console printer-keyboard devices There are no required arguments for this particular device type, but there are however several optional arguments discussed below. To use this device, a telnet client must connect to the host machine via the port number specified on the CNSLPORT statement. If your telnet client software allows you to specify a device type suffix (for example: ansi@0009 ), then you can use that suffix to specify the specific 1052 or 3215 device to which you wish to connect. If you do not specify a suffix in your telnet client software (or your software does not allow it), then your client will be connected to the first available 1052 or 3215 device for which it is eligible. An optional noprompt argument may be specified on the device statement to cause suppression of the "Enter input for console device nnnn" prompt message which is otherwise normally issued to the device whenever the system is awaiting input on that device. Additionally, a terminal group name, ip address and subnet mask may all also be optionally specified in the exact same manner as discussed in the previous Local non-SNA 3270 devices section with the exception that the "noprompt" option, if specified, must precede the other arguments. Card reader devices The argument specifies a list of file names containing card images. Additional arguments may be specified after the file names: sockdev indicates the card reader is a socket device wherein the filename is actually a socket specification instead of a device filename. When used, there must only be one filename specified in the form: port or host:port or sockpath/sockname. The device then accepts remote connections on the given TCP/IP port or Unix Domain Socket, and reads data from the socket instead of from a device file. This allows automatic remote submission of card reader data. See the Hercules Socket Reader page for more details. eof specifies that unit exception status is presented after reading the last card in the file. This option is persistent, and will remain in effect until the reader is reinitialized with the intrq option. intrq specifies that unit check status with intervention required sense bytes is presented after reading the last card in the file. This option is persistent, and will remain in effect until the reader is reinitialized with the eof option. multifile specifies, when multiple input files are entered, to automatically open the next input file and continue reading whenever EOF is encountered on a given file. If not specified, then reading stops once EOF is reached on a given file and an attention interrupt is then required to open and begin reading the next file. ebcdic specifies that the file contains fixed length 80-byte EBCDIC records with no line-end delimiters. ascii specifies that the file contains variable length lines of ASCII characters delimited by LF (line feed) sequences or CRLF (carraige return line feed) sequences at the end of each line. If neither EBCDIC nor ASCII is specified, then the device handler attempts to detect the format of the card image file when the device is first accessed. Auto-detection is not supported for socket devices, and the default is ASCII if sockdev is specified. trunc specifies, for ASCII files, that lines longer than 80 characters are truncated instead of producing a unit check error. autopad specifies, for EBCDIC files, that the file is automatically padded to a multiple of 80 bytes if necessary. Card punch devices The argument specifies the name of a file to which the punched output will be written. Additional arguments may be specified after the file name: ascii specifies that the file will be written as variable length lines of ASCII characters delimited by line feeds or carriage return line feed sequences at the end of each line. Trailing blanks are removed from each line. If the ascii argument is not specified, the file is written as fixed length 80-byte EBCDIC records with no line-end delimiters. crlf specifies, for ASCII files, that carriage return line feed sequences are written at the end of each line. If the crlf argument is not specified, then line-feeds only are written at the end of each line. noclear specifies that the output file will not be cleared to zero bytes when it is opened. If the noclear argument is not specified, then any previous content of the file is destroyed when the file is opened for output. Line printer devices The argument specifies the name of a file to which the printer output will be written. The output is written in the form of variable length lines of ASCII characters delimited by line feeds or by carriage return line feed sequences. Trailing blanks are removed from each line. Carriage control characters are translated to blank lines or ASCII form feed characters. If the file exists it will be overwritten. Additional arguments may be specified after the file name: sockdev indicates the line printer is a socket device wherein the filename is actually a socket specification instead of a device filename. When used, there must only be one filename specified in the form: port or host:port. The device then accepts remote connections on the given TCP/IP port, and writes data to the socket instead of to a device file. This allows automatic remote spooling of line printer data. The sockdev option is mutually exclusive with all other printer options (e.g. crlf, etc) and must be specified alone. crlf specifies, for ASCII files, that carriage return line feed sequences are written at the end of each line. If the crlf argument is not specified, then line-feeds only are written at the end of each line. noclear specifies that the output file will not be cleared to zero bytes when it is opened. If the noclear argument is not specified, then any previous content of the file is destroyed when the file is opened for output. fcbcheck specifies that an attempt to skip to a FCB channel for which no line number has been set will cause the command to be rejected with a unit check. This is the default. nofcbcheck specifies that an attempt to skip to a FCB channel for which no line number has been set will cause the next line of output to be printed on the next line on the printer output. The opposite, fcbcheck, is the default. rawcc specifies that printer output CCWs are not to be interpreted, but simply dumped in hex to the printer output file. This is useful for debugging. Default is to interpret printer CCWs normally. fcb=argument specifies an initial FCB image to use for this printer. The argument may either consist of 12 numbers separated by commas (these are the line numbers for channels 1 to 12), or of pairs of numbers in the format nn:chan where chan is the channel number and nn is the line number that the channel corresponds to. Use 00 to leave the line number unset for a channel (see fcbcheck above). The default is fcb=1,7,13,19,25,31,37,43,63,49,55,61 which is equivalent to fcb=1:1,7:2,13:3,19:4,25:5,31:6,37:7,43:8,63:9,49:10,55:11,61:12 browse print specifies whether the output should be optimized and cleaned up for browsing, or optimized for printing. The default is browse. index=nn specifies 3211 indexing. Valid values are 0 to 31. The default is 0. lpi=68 specifies vertical spacing of 6 or 8 lines per inch. lpp=nn specifies the number of lines per page. The default is 66. If the filename begins with the vertical bar '' pipe character, then it is removed and the remainder of the filename is interpreted as a command line (the name of a program or batch file followed by any necessary arguments) to which to "pipe" the printer output to. This is known as the "print-to-pipe" feature. All printer output is then sent to the piped program's stdin input, and all of the piped program's stdout and stderr output is piped back to Hercules for displaying on the hardware console. If the "print-to-pipe" command line contains arguments, then quotes must be placed around the entire filename string including the vertical bar, for example: 000E 1403 "/usr/bin/lpr -Phplj" crlf (for Unix) 000E 1403 "c:\utils\pr -s -PLPT1:" crlf (for Windows) The above example uses the pr program downloaded from If the "print-to-pipe" command line itself contains quotes, then the command line must be enclosed in apostrophes instead of quotes, for example: 000E 1403 '"c:\Program Files\My Utils\pr" -s -PLPT1:' crlf Tim Pinkawa has an example which shows how the print-to-pipe feature can be used to create output in PDF format: Emulated tape devices Five types of tape emulation are supported (see further below). The only required parameter is the device filename. All other parameters are optional and must follow the filename. Use '*' (asterisk) for the filename to specify an empty (unmounted) tape drive. The specified file, if other than '*', must exist. Additionally, if the file name starts with the '@' character (at sign), the file really describes a list of tape emulation files to be loaded in succession. The syntax of each line is identical to the information that can be specified after the device type when the options are specified directly after the device type in the configuration file. If the emulation file filename in the file list is the '*' (asterisk) character, then this specifies a set of options to be applied to all additional emulation files specified in the file list. Parameters are appended in succession. In all cases, if the same parameter is specified more than once, the last instance takes precedence. Therefore, it is possible to specify a set of parameters in the base configuration file, another set on a '*' line, and another set for each individual line. Parameters are then appended in that order: options specified on the base device statement itself first, followed by those options specified on the '*' statement, and finally those specified on each individual file list statement last. A SCSI tape device should not be given in a file list. Refer to the distributed source-code's "README.TAPE" document for additional information regarding system and application programming for tape devices and instructions regarding use of the emulated ACF (Automatic Cartridge Feeder) and AUTOMOUNT features for virtual (non-SCSI) tape devices. SCSI tape drives These are real tape drives attached to the host machine via a SCSI interface. Hercules emulation always makes the drive appear as a channel attached device such as 3420 or 3480, although the underlying physical drive may be any type of SCSI attached tape drive, including 4mm or 8mm DAT, DLT, SCSI attached 3480/3490 cartridge drives, and SCSI attached 3420 open reel tape drives. Host-attached SCSI tapes are read and written using variable length EBCDIC blocks and filemarks exactly like a mainframe tape volume, and as a result can be freely used/exchanged on either (i.e. SCSI tapes created on a real mainframe can subsequently be read by Hercules just fine, and a SCSI tape created by Hercules can be subsequently read on a mainframe just fine, thus providing a convenient means of exchanging data between the two). If you plan on using SCSI tapes with Hercules you might also be interested in the AUTO_SCSI_MOUNT configuration option. The only required device statement parameter for SCSI attached tape drives is the name of the device as it is known by the host operating system, usually "/dev/nst0" (for Linux or Windows) or "\\.\Tape0" (for Windows only), where '0' means tape drive number 0 (your first or only host-attached SCSI tape drive), '1' means your second host-attached SCSI tape drive, etc. Depending on what actual model of SCSI tape drive you actually have and how it behaves, you may need to specify one or more additional optional parameters for Hercules to provide proper emulation of the desired device type. For example: a Quantum 'DLT' (Digital Linear Tape) SCSI tape drive does not return nor use a block-id format compatible with 3480/3490 drives (it instead uses a full 32-bit block-id just like the model 3590 does). It also does not support the Erase Gap CCW at all. Thus, in order to use, for example, a Quantum DLT drive with Hercules, you MUST specify some special additional options to prevent the Erase Gap command from being issued to the drive as well as to inform Hercules that the drive uses 32-bit block-ids. Please note that the below options define how the actual SCSI hardware device behaves, which is completely different from the way the emulated device will appear to behave to your guest. That is to say, if you define your tape drive to Hercules as a 3480 device, then Hercules will perform 3480 device type emulation such that the device appears to your guest o/s as if it were a 3480 device. If the actual SCSI device behaves as a 3590 device however (perhaps using/returning 32-bit block-ids instead of the expected 22-bit format block-ids that 3480's use), then you MUST specify the --blkid-32 special option on your Hercules device statement so that Hercules's emulation logic can know that it needs to translate 22-bit block-ids to 32-bit ones before sending them to the actual SCSI hardware (and vice versa: to translate 32-bit block-ids from the actual SCSI drive into 22-bit format block-ids that your guest expects from a 3480 device). Special options for SCSI tapes As explained just above, certain model SCSI tape drives such as the Quantum DLT series may require special handling in order to provide the desired proper device type emulation. These special options are: --no-erg This option is intended to prevent issuance of the Erase Gap command to those SCSI tape drives which do not support it (such as the Quantum DLT series). It causes Hercules's device emulation logic to ignore any Erase Gap commands issued to the drive and to return immediate 'success' instead. This option should only be used (specified) for drives such as the Quantum, which support switching from read mode to write mode in the middle of a data stream without the need of an intervening Erase Gap command. Specifying it for any other model SCSI drive may cause incorrect functioning as a result of the Erase Gap command not being issued to the actual SCSI hardware. Check the manufacturer information for your particular model of SCSI-attached tape drive (and/or use Fish's "ftape" Windows utility) to determine whether or not this option is needed for your particular drive. --blkid-32 This option indicates that your SCSI-attached tape drive only supports 32-bit block-ids (as used by 3590 drives) and not the 22-bit format used by 3480/3490 drives. You should only specify this option if you intend to define the drive as a model 3480 or 3490 device, and then only if your actual SCSI drive uses 32-bit block-ids of course. If you define your Hercules tape drive as a model 3590 device however, then this option is of course not needed since model 3590 drives are already presumed to use 32-bit block-ids. Specifying this option on a 3480/3490 device statement will cause Hercules device emulation logic to automatically translate the actual SCSI tape drive's 32-bit block-id into 22-bit format before returning it back to the guest operating system (since that is the format it expects it to be in for a model 3480/3490 drive), and to translate the guest's 22-bit format block-id into 32-bit format before sending it to the actual SCSI hardware (since that is the format that the actual hardware requires it to be in). --blkid-22 The complete opposite of the above --blkid-32 option. Optical Media Attach (OMA) virtual files These are read-only files which usually reside on CDROM. OMA virtual tapes consist of one CDROM file corresponding to each physical file of the emulated tape. An ASCII text file called the tape descriptor file (TDF) specifies the names of the files which make up the virtual tape. The argument specifies the name of the tape descriptor file (for example /cdrom/tapes/uaa196.tdf) Each file on the virtual tape can be in one of three formats: TEXT TEXT files consist of variable length ASCII records delimited by carriage return line feed sequences at the end of each record. Each record is translated to EBCDIC and presented to the program as one physical tape block. FIXED nnnnn FIXED files consist of fixed length EBCDIC blocks of the specified length (nnnnn) HEADERS HEADERS files consist of variable length EBCDIC blocks. Each block is preceded by a 12-byte header. If you have any IBM manuals in Bookmanager format on CDROM, you can see some examples of TDF files in the \TAPES directory on the CDROM. AWSTAPE virtual files These contain a complete tape in one file. AWSTAPE files consist of variable length EBCDIC blocks. Each block is preceded by a 6-byte header. Filemarks are represented by a 6-byte header with no data. This is the same format as is used by the P/390. The argument specifies the location of the AWSTAPE file (for example ickdsf.aws) FakeTape virtual files These contain a complete tape in one file. FakeTape files consist of variable length EBCDIC blocks. Each block is preceded by a 12-ASCII-hex-character header. Filemarks are represented by a 12-character header with no data. The FakeTape format is used by the Flex-ES system from Fundamental Software Inc (FSI). The argument specifies the location of the FakeTape file (for example ickdsf.fkt). Note: "FLEX-ES" and "FakeTape" are trademarks of Fundamental Software, Inc. HET virtual files (Hercules Emulated Tape) These contain a complete tape in one file and have the same structure as the AWSTAPE format with the added ability to have compressed data. The first argument specifies the location of the HET file. The filename must end with ".het" to be recognized by Hercules as an HET file. (for example 023178.het) Additional arguments that allow you to control various HET settings are: AWSTAPE The AWSTAPE argument causes HET files to be written in AWSTAPE format. This basically, disables the additional features provided by the HET format. COMPRESS=n IDRC=n COMPRESS and IDRC control whether compression should be used when writing to HET files. The value n can be 1 to turn on compression (the default) or 0 to turn it off. IDRC is currently a synonym for COMPRESS, but may be used in the future to control other emulated tape drive features. METHOD=n The METHOD option allows you to specify which compression method to use. You may specify 1 for ZLIB compression or 2 for BZIP2 compression. The default is 1. LEVEL=n The LEVEL option controls the level of compression. It ranges from 1 for fastest compression to 9 for best compression. The default is 4. CHUNKSIZE=nnnnn The CHUNKSIZE option allows you to create HET files that contain different chunk sizes. The AWSTAPE (and therefore the HET) format allows each tape block to be logically broken up into smaller chunks. For instance, if your S/3x0 application creates tapes with a block size of 27998, those blocks would be broken down into nnnnn sized chunks. The range is from 4096 to 65535, the latter being the default. Decreasing the value from its default may reduce compression performance. For compatability with AWSTAPE files created by the P/390, specify AWSTAPE with CHUNKSIZE=4096. The following parameters apply to AWS, HET and FakeTape emulation files: MAXSIZE=n MAXSIZEK=n MAXSIZEM=n Specifies the maximum size (in bytes, Kilobytes or Megabytes) that the emulated file is allowed to grow to. Specifying zero for this parameter means "unlimited" (i.e. there is no limit). EOTMARGIN=n Specifies the number of bytes remaining before reaching maxsize at which point the tape device will signal the presence of the "End of Tape" marker (reflector), thus allowing the program to switch to the next tape. READONLY=n Specifies whether the tape is mounted read-only (without a write ring or with the cartridge protect switch set to "write protect"). A parameter of 1 means read-only; a parameter of 0 means read-write. If READONLY=1, RO or NORING is not specified, the default is READONLY=0. Note that READONLY=0 does not override the host system file permission settings for the underlying AWS or HET file. If the AWS or HET file is marked read-only, the tape will be mounted read-only despite specification of READONLY=0. RO NORING Specifies that the tape is mounted read-only (without a write ring or with the cartridge protect switch set to "write protect"). RO and NORING are equivalent to READONLY=1. RW RING Specifies that the tape should be mounted read-write, if possible. RW and RING are equivalent to READONLY=0. This is the default if RO, NORING or READONLY=1 is not specified. Note that RW and RING do not override the host system file permission settings for the underlying AWS or HET file. If the AWS or HET file is marked read-only, the tape will be mounted read-only despite specification of RW or RING. DEONIRQ=n Specifies whether a device end is presented if intervention is required during tape motion. A parameter of 1 selects this option; a parameter of 0 turns it off. NOAUTOMOUNT Indicates support for guest-initiated automatic tape volume mounting is to always be disabled for this tape device. Automatic guest tape-mount support is automatically globally enabled for all virtual (non-SCSI) tape devices by default whenever an allowable automount directory is defined via the AUTOMOUNT configuration file statement or the automount panel command. The NOAUTOMOUNT option allows you to specifically disable such support for a given device. The automount feature enables software running in guest operating systems to automatically mount, unmount and/or query for themselves the host "virtual tape volume" filename mounted on a tape drive, via the use of special CCW opcodes (0x4B Set Diagnose and 0xE4 Sense Id) without any intervention on the part of the Hercules operator. An example of such a program for DOS/VSE called TMOUNT is provided in the util subdirectory of the distributed source code. This is a sticky option. When specified, automount support for the device remains disabled until the option is specifically removed via a devinit command without the option specified. This means if NOAUTOMOUNT is enabled for a device while global automount functionality is currently disabled (because no AUTOMOUNT statement was specified at Hercules startup), then automount functionality remains disabled for the device even should global automount functionality be later manually enabled via an automount panel command. When the 0x4B Set Diagnose CCW is used to auto-mount a virtual tape volume onto a given tape drive, an absolute (fully-qualified) pathname should normally always be specified, but need not be if a path relative to the currently defined "default allowable" automount directory is used instead. The default allowable automount directory is always the first "allowable" directory that was defined, or else the current directory if no allowable directories were specifically defined. (There is always a default allowable directory whenever any allowable or unallowable automount directories are defined.) Fully-resolved, absolute-full-path filenames are defined as being those which, for Windows, have a ':' (colon) in the second position or, for other host operating systems (e.g. Linux), have a '/' (slash) in the first position. Paths which start with a '.' (period) are considered relative paths and will always be appended to the currently defined default allowable automount directory, before being resolved into fully-qualified paths by the host system. (I.e. only fully-resolved absolute pathnames are used in the performance of the actual automatic tape volume mount.) For example, if more than one allowable automount directory is defined and the volume wishing to be mounted happens to reside in the second one, then a fully-qualified absolute pathname should of course be specified (or else one that is relative to the default directory which happens to resolve to the desired file). All attempts to automount host files in a "disallowed" directory or any of its subdirectories will be rejected. Similarly any attempt to automount a file which is not within any "allowable" directory or subdirectory will be rejected. An error message is always issued in such cases. A message is also issued whenever a successful mount or unmount is performed. A sample guest automount program called TMOUNT for the DOS/VSE operating system is provided in the util subdirectory of the distributed source code. Channel-to-channel adapters The first argument defines the emulation type, and the remaining arguments depend on the chosen emulation type. If the first argument is not a recognized emulation type, then the driver will operate as in Hercules Version 1, using Willem Konynenberg's vmnet package, as described in Axel Schwarzer's CTCA 3088 document. The following are the emulation types currently supported: CTCI (Channel to Channel link to TCP/IP stack) A point-to-point IP connection with the TCP/IP stack of the driving system on which Hercules is running. See the Hercules TCP/IP page for details. (Note: The CTCI protocol is only for the Linux version of Hercules. For Windows, use the below CTCI protocol instead). CTCI (Channel to Channel link to Win32 TCP/IP stack) A modified Win32 version of the CTCI protocol for the Windows crowd. Note that the protocol name (CTCI) is the same, even though the actual implementation is very different. See Fish's CTCI-W32 page for further details and information. Required for both Linux and Windows: guestip specifies the IP address of the guest operating system running under Hercules. hostip specifies the IP address of the host (Linux or Windows) side of the point-to-point link. This may or may not be the same as your system's regular IP address. For Windows, if the host system is configured with DHCP, this should instead be the MAC address of the Ethernet adapter you wish to use to have Hercules communicate with the outside world. Optional for Windows: If these arguments are specified, they must precede the required arguments. -k kernel-capture-buffer-size -i tuntap32-i/o-buffer-size See Fish's CTCI-W32 page for further details and information. Optional for both Linux and Windows: If these arguments are specified, they must precede the required arguments: -n name or --dev name specifies the name of the tunnel device to use. The default for Linux is /dev/net/tun (which is correct for version 2.4 and above of the Linux kernel). For Windows, specify the IP address or MAC address of the real Windows adapter to emulate the virtual guest's adapter on. The default is the first adapter found according to Windows' adapter binding order, which may not be the one you want if you have multiple adapters. See question #22 of the CTCI-W32 F.A.Q. (Frequently Asked Questions) document for more information about adapter binding order, and the CTCI-W32 Configuration web page for general information regarding CTCI-W32 configuration. -m MAC address or --mac MAC address where 'MAC address' is the optional hardware address for the virtual interface in the format: hh:hh:hh:hh:hh:hh. The default value is '00:00:5E:nn:nn:nn' where the :nn:nn:nn portion is constructed from the last 3 octets of the specified guestip. -s netmask where netmask is the netmask to use for the automatically added point-to-point route in standard dotted internet noitation (e.g. 255.255.255.0) -d or --debug specifies that debugging output is to be produced on the Hercules control panel. This should normally be left unspecified. CTCT (Channel to Channel Emulation via TCP connection) An emulated CTCA to another Hercules system. This emulation mode appears to the operating system running in the Hercules machine as an IBM 3088 Channel to Channel Adapter. It provides communication via a TCP connection with another instance of the CTCT driver, and is designed to carry TCP/IP communications between two guest TCP/IP stacks. CTCT may also be used for communication between the client and server components of the MVS Dynamic Debug Tool. Four arguments are required: lport specifies the local TCP port. This is the TCP port that Hercules will listen on for this CTCA. rhost specifies the remote host. This is the name or IP address of the remote system that Hercules is running on, not the name or IP address of the OS running on that copy of Hercules. rport specifies the remote TCP port. The rport parameter on this system must match the lport parameter on the remote system, and vice versa. bufsize specifies the buffer size for the link. If this link is used for IP traffic, this parameter should be more than the MTU of the interface definition in the OS. Note: CTCT only supports IP traffic. Use CTCE to transport general purpose payloads such as NJE, SNA, PVM, etc. CTCE (Enhanced Channel to Channel Emulation via TCP connection) The CTCE device type will emulate a real 3088 Channel to Channnel Adapter also for non-IP traffic, enhancing the CTCT capabilities. CTCE connections are also based on TCP/IP between two (or more) Hercules instances, and requires an even-odd pair of port numbers per device side. Only the even port numbers are to be configured; the odd numbers are just derived by adding 1 to the (configured) even port numbers. The socket connection pairs cross-connect, the arrows showing the send->receive direction : x-lport-even -> y-rport-odd x-lport-odd The read/write devices can be swapped by coding the odd address of the even-odd pair in the OAT

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